Stephen J Manton B.Sc.(Hons.), F.C.Optom.

EYE CONDITIONS - THE IMPORTANCE OF REGULAR EYE EXAMINATIONS

The optometrist checks that the physical structures of the eye, such as the cornea, the lens and the retina, appear normal and healthy. This is one of the most important parts of the eye examination. It is used to detect early stages of cataract, glaucoma and other signs of wear and tear where early attention will  help to ensure that you enjoy the best possible standard of vision. The optometrist also checks for signs of other general health problems, such as high blood pressure and diabetes.

What is cataract?

This is a condition in which the lens within the eye becomes progressively opaque, causing hazy vision. Although this can happen at any age, it is more usual in older people. The changes in the lens may cause your prescription to alter, and more frequent eye examinations may be advised. If the cataract develops so much that your vision is seriously affected, you will normally be advised to seek referral by your General Practitioner to an eye specialist, who will arrange to remove the lens, and replace it with a clear perspex one.

What is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a condition which can cause damage to the optic nerve at the back of the eye due to factors such as raised pressure inside the eye and abnormal blood flow to the eye. The damage to the optic nerve causes a reduced field of vision ( ie your side vision is affected). Glaucoma tends to run in families, so close relatives of those with glaucoma are more at risk and should arrange to have their eyes examined by an optometrist on a regular basis. If detected early enough, glaucoma can usually be treated in most cases by eyedrops, although sometimes a minor operation may be needed.

What is Diabetic Retinopathy?

This sight threatening condition of the retina can occur in the eyes of people with diabetes. It is associated with physical damage to the retinal blood vessels and if not detected early can lead to complete loss of vision. Diabetics are therefore recommended to have regular eye examinations by an optometrist. If signs of diabetic retinopathy are detected, then you will be advised to seek referral by your General Practitioner to an eye specialist who will carry out the necessary treatment, usually by means of laser equipment.  

What is Macular Degeneration?

This condition affects the sensitive membrane at the back of the eye which receives the focussed image. Critical vision deteriorates usually quite slowly at first, although side vision can remain unaffected and changes of spectacles appear to make little difference to the quality of vision. Macular degeneration is usually associated with age and conditions such as hardening of the arteries and poor blood circulation. If detected early and you are referred to an eye specialist there is a possibility that the the condition can be prevented from progressing further by specific treatment.